Harden live material polling state

README.md

@@ -7,8 +7,9 @@ production-order context, and calculation state.
 
 ## Status
 
-This repository includes a read-only ENLYZE API exploration CLI. It contains
+This repository includes an ENLYZE exploration CLI, a production-run/timeseries
-no verified ENLYZE operation wrappers, database migrations, or HTTP endpoints.
+gateway, and single-cycle live material polling with JSON state persistence.
+Database migrations, a continuous polling runner, and HTTP endpoints remain pending.
 
 ## Intended flow
 
@@ -76,7 +77,7 @@ Call `process(sample)` or `process_many(samples)` on the same instance for live
 input, replay, or successive chunks. Both use the same calculation. The immutable
 `state` snapshot exposes cumulative kg, integrated running seconds, last timestamp
 (UTC), last rate, last gate, and whether the latest gate is active. State restoration
-and persistence are not implemented yet. Naive timestamps and non-finite values
+and JSON persistence are supported. Naive timestamps and non-finite values
 are rejected; backwards timestamps raise without changing state. Duplicate
 timestamps add no consumption but replace the baseline in arrival order.
 Finite negative material rates are currently accepted and decrease cumulative
@@ -94,7 +95,25 @@ is gated by `Geschwindigkeit Gesamtanlage > 0.5 m/min`. With the explicit
 2,672 common samples yield **5.205555556 h** and **5,180.127150811 kg** for run
 00842, matching the previous manual calculation's rounded results. Synthetic
 tests verify equivalence to manual interval integration without local captures
-or live ENLYZE access. Production polling, Grafana, and Bento 1 are not implemented.
+or live ENLYZE access. Grafana and Bento 1 remain pending.
+
+`MaterialPollingService.poll_once(now=...)` starts at the open run's start or
+resumes inclusively at its last processed timestamp. Duplicate boundary samples
+add no time. A new run UUID for the same order retains cumulative kg and running
+seconds but resets the temporal baseline; different orders and machines have
+separate state. Empty responses add no consumption. Naive `now` is rejected;
+no open run or a window beginning after `now` returns `None` without saving.
+
+`JsonMaterialStateStore` uses deterministic SHA-256 filenames derived from the
+machine/order pair, preventing path traversal and sanitized-name collisions.
+It flushes and fsyncs a temporary file in the state directory before atomic
+replacement; a failed write leaves the previous primary file intact. Missing
+state returns `None`; malformed JSON or state raises `ValueError` with file
+context. Use an ignored runtime directory and one polling writer per state key;
+atomic replacement does not coordinate concurrent read-modify-write cycles.
+Files from the earlier uncommitted sanitized-filename prototype are not loaded
+under the new names. The gateway rejects ambiguous open runs, naive windows,
+and missing columns or malformed records instead of silently skipping them.
 
 ## Peak-cycle detection
 

docs/roadmap.md

@@ -13,7 +13,12 @@ Exploration established a K7 candidate mass-flow signal and speed gate; the
 evidence and remaining uncertainties are recorded in `docs/enlyze-api.md`.
 Continue to record sanitized fixtures for newly verified semantics.
 
-## 2. Live material-consumption MVP (next implementation milestone)
+## 2. Live material-consumption MVP (in progress)
+
+The integration engine, ENLYZE gateway, single-cycle polling service, and atomic
+JSON checkpoint store are implemented and covered by synthetic tests. Next:
+wire a configured continuous polling runner and expose/store derived totals
+for Grafana, followed by the TimescaleDB persistence foundation below.
 
 Detect the currently active Production Run and production order, continuously
 ingest new ENLYZE samples, maintain persistent incremental integration state,

src/production_analytics/calculations/material_state.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 """Serialization helpers for persistent material-integration state."""
 
 from datetime import UTC, datetime
+from math import isfinite
 
 from production_analytics.calculations.material_consumption import (
     MaterialIntegrationState,
@@ -9,6 +10,11 @@ from production_analytics.calculations.material_consumption import (
 
 def material_state_to_dict(state: MaterialIntegrationState) -> dict[str, object]:
     """Convert integration state to a JSON-serializable dictionary."""
+    if state.last_processed_timestamp is not None and (
+        state.last_processed_timestamp.tzinfo is None
+        or state.last_processed_timestamp.utcoffset() is None
+    ):
+        raise ValueError("last_processed_timestamp must be timezone-aware")
     return {
         "cumulative_consumption_kg": state.cumulative_consumption_kg,
         "integrated_running_seconds": state.integrated_running_seconds,
@@ -25,7 +31,33 @@ def material_state_to_dict(state: MaterialIntegrationState) -> dict[str, object]
 
 def material_state_from_dict(data: dict[str, object]) -> MaterialIntegrationState:
     """Restore integration state from a JSON-compatible dictionary."""
+    if not isinstance(data, dict):
+        raise ValueError("integration_state must be an object")
+    for key in (
+        "cumulative_consumption_kg", "integrated_running_seconds",
+        "last_material_rate_kg_per_hour", "last_gate_value",
+    ):
+        value = data[key]
+        if value is None and key.startswith("last_"):
+            continue
+        if isinstance(value, bool) or not isinstance(value, (int, float)) or not isfinite(value):
+            raise ValueError(f"{key} must be a finite number")
+    if data["integrated_running_seconds"] < 0:
+        raise ValueError("integrated_running_seconds must not be negative")
+    if not isinstance(data["integration_active"], bool):
+        raise ValueError("integration_active must be a boolean")
     raw_timestamp = data["last_processed_timestamp"]
+    if raw_timestamp is not None:
+        if not isinstance(raw_timestamp, str):
+            raise ValueError("last_processed_timestamp must be an ISO timestamp")
+        parsed = datetime.fromisoformat(raw_timestamp)
+        if parsed.tzinfo is None or parsed.utcoffset() is None:
+            raise ValueError("last_processed_timestamp must be timezone-aware")
+    if data["integration_active"] and (
+        raw_timestamp is None or data["last_material_rate_kg_per_hour"] is None
+        or data["last_gate_value"] is None
+    ):
+        raise ValueError("active integration requires a complete temporal baseline")
 
     timestamp = (
         datetime.fromisoformat(str(raw_timestamp)).astimezone(UTC)

src/production_analytics/enlyze/gateway.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from datetime import UTC, datetime
+from math import isfinite
 
 from production_analytics.calculations.material_consumption import MaterialSample
 from production_analytics.enlyze.exploration import ExplorationClient
@@ -27,24 +28,31 @@ class EnlyzeApiGateway:
             {"machine": machine_id},
         )
 
-        for item in response.body.get("data", []):
+        try:
-            if item.get("end") is not None:
+            items = response.body["data"]
-                continue
+            if not isinstance(items, list):
-
+                raise ValueError("data must be a list")
-            return EnlyzeProductionRun(
+            runs = []
-                uuid=str(item["uuid"]),
+            for item in items:
-                machine_id=str(item["machine"]),
+                if not isinstance(item, dict) or "end" not in item:
-                product_id=(
+                    raise ValueError("run must be an object with an end field")
-                    str(item["product"])
+                if item["end"] is not None:
-                    if item.get("product") is not None
+                    continue
-                    else None
+                for key in ("uuid", "machine", "production_order"):
-                ),
+                    if not isinstance(item[key], str) or not item[key]:
-                production_order=str(item["production_order"]),
+                        raise ValueError(f"{key} must be a non-empty string")
-                start=_parse_timestamp(item["start"]),
+                if item["machine"] != machine_id:
-                end=None,
+                    raise ValueError("run machine does not match requested machine")
-            )
+                runs.append(EnlyzeProductionRun(
-
+                    uuid=item["uuid"], machine_id=item["machine"],
-        return None
+                    product_id=item.get("product"), production_order=item["production_order"],
+                    start=_parse_timestamp(item["start"]), end=None,
+                ))
+            if len(runs) > 1:
+                raise ValueError("multiple open Production Runs returned")
+            return runs[0] if runs else None
+        except (KeyError, TypeError, ValueError) as exc:
+            raise ValueError(f"Invalid production-run response: {exc}") from exc
 
     def get_material_samples(
         self,
@@ -55,6 +63,11 @@ class EnlyzeApiGateway:
         start: datetime,
         end: datetime,
     ) -> list[MaterialSample]:
+        for name, value in (("start", start), ("end", end)):
+            if value.tzinfo is None or value.utcoffset() is None:
+                raise ValueError(f"{name} must be timezone-aware")
+        if end < start:
+            raise ValueError("end must not precede start")
         response = self._client.post_json(
             "/v2/timeseries",
             {
@@ -68,22 +81,45 @@ class EnlyzeApiGateway:
             },
         )
 
-        data = response.body["data"]
+        try:
-        columns = data["columns"]
+            data = response.body["data"]
-
+            columns = data["columns"]
-        time_index = columns.index("time")
+            if not isinstance(columns, list):
-        rate_index = columns.index(rate_variable_id)
+                raise ValueError("columns must be a list")
-        gate_index = columns.index(gate_variable_id)
+            for required in ("time", rate_variable_id, gate_variable_id):
-
+                if columns.count(required) != 1:
-        return [
+                    raise ValueError(f"required column {required!r} must occur exactly once")
-            MaterialSample(
+            time_index = columns.index("time")
-                timestamp=_parse_timestamp(record[time_index]),
+            rate_index = columns.index(rate_variable_id)
-                material_rate_kg_per_hour=float(record[rate_index]),
+            gate_index = columns.index(gate_variable_id)
-                gate_value=float(record[gate_index]),
+            if not isinstance(data["records"], list):
-            )
+                raise ValueError("records must be a list")
-            for record in data["records"]
+            samples = []
-        ]
+            for index, record in enumerate(data["records"]):
+                try:
+                    if not isinstance(record, list) or len(record) != len(columns):
+                        raise ValueError("record must match columns")
+                    rate, gate = record[rate_index], record[gate_index]
+                    for value in (rate, gate):
+                        if isinstance(value, bool) or not isinstance(value, (int, float)):
+                            raise ValueError("rate and gate must be numeric")
+                        if not isfinite(value):
+                            raise ValueError("rate and gate must be finite")
+                    samples.append(MaterialSample(
+                        timestamp=_parse_timestamp(record[time_index]),
+                        material_rate_kg_per_hour=float(rate), gate_value=float(gate),
+                    ))
+                except (TypeError, ValueError) as exc:
+                    raise ValueError(f"malformed record {index}: {exc}") from exc
+            return samples
+        except (KeyError, TypeError, ValueError) as exc:
+            raise ValueError(f"Invalid timeseries response: {exc}") from exc
 
 
 def _parse_timestamp(value: str) -> datetime:
-    return datetime.fromisoformat(value.replace("Z", "+00:00")).astimezone(UTC)
+    if not isinstance(value, str):
+        raise ValueError("timestamp must be an ISO string")
+    timestamp = datetime.fromisoformat(value.replace("Z", "+00:00"))
+    if timestamp.tzinfo is None or timestamp.utcoffset() is None:
+        raise ValueError("timestamp must be timezone-aware")
+    return timestamp.astimezone(UTC)

src/production_analytics/service/material_polling.py

@@ -65,8 +65,10 @@ class MaterialPollingService:
         )
 
     def poll_once(self, *, now: datetime) -> MaterialPollResult | None:
+        if now.tzinfo is None or now.utcoffset() is None:
+            raise ValueError("now must be timezone-aware")
         run = self._gateway.get_open_production_run(self._machine_id)
-        if run is None:
+        if run is None or now < run.start:
             return None
 
         saved_polling_state = self._state_store.load(
@@ -92,6 +94,9 @@ class MaterialPollingService:
             )
             start = run.start
 
+        if now < start:
+            return None
+
         integrator = MaterialConsumptionIntegrator(
             self._config,
             initial_state=initial_state,

src/production_analytics/service/material_state_store.py

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+"""JSON-backed persistence for material polling state."""
+
+import hashlib
+import json
+import os
+import tempfile
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from production_analytics.calculations.material_state import (
+    material_state_from_dict,
+    material_state_to_dict,
+)
+from production_analytics.service.material_polling import MaterialPollingState
+
+
+class JsonMaterialStateStore:
+    def __init__(self, directory: str | Path) -> None:
+        self._directory = Path(directory)
+
+    def load(
+        self,
+        machine_id: str,
+        production_order: str,
+    ) -> MaterialPollingState | None:
+        path = self._path(machine_id, production_order)
+        if not path.exists():
+            return None
+
+        try:
+            with path.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
+                data = json.load(f)
+            if not isinstance(data, dict) or not isinstance(data.get("run_id"), str):
+                raise ValueError("run_id must be a string")
+            if not data["run_id"]:
+                raise ValueError("run_id must not be empty")
+            return MaterialPollingState(
+                run_id=data["run_id"],
+                integration_state=material_state_from_dict(data["integration_state"]),
+            )
+        except (ValueError, KeyError, TypeError) as exc:
+            raise ValueError(f"Invalid material polling state in {path}: {exc}") from exc
+
+    def save(
+        self,
+        machine_id: str,
+        production_order: str,
+        state: MaterialPollingState,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._directory.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+        path = self._path(machine_id, production_order)
+
+        payload = {
+            "run_id": state.run_id,
+            "integration_state": material_state_to_dict(state.integration_state),
+        }
+
+        # Validate before touching the primary file, including non-finite values.
+        material_state_from_dict(payload["integration_state"])
+        if not isinstance(state.run_id, str) or not state.run_id:
+            raise ValueError("run_id must be a non-empty string")
+        temporary_path = None
+        try:
+            with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(
+                mode="w", encoding="utf-8", dir=self._directory,
+                prefix=".material-state-", suffix=".tmp", delete=False,
+            ) as f:
+                temporary_path = Path(f.name)
+                json.dump(payload, f, indent=2, allow_nan=False)
+                f.flush()
+                os.fsync(f.fileno())
+            os.replace(temporary_path, path)
+        finally:
+            if temporary_path is not None:
+                temporary_path.unlink(missing_ok=True)
+
+    def _path(self, machine_id: str, production_order: str) -> Path:
+        # Hash the structured pair: sanitizing alone aliases distinct identifiers.
+        identity = json.dumps([machine_id, production_order], ensure_ascii=True)
+        digest = hashlib.sha256(identity.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()
+        return self._directory / f"{digest}.json"

tests/test_enlyze_gateway.py

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 from datetime import UTC, datetime
 from unittest.mock import Mock
 
+import pytest
+
 from production_analytics.enlyze.gateway import EnlyzeApiGateway
 
 
@@ -131,3 +133,72 @@ def test_get_material_samples_uses_column_names_not_fixed_positions() -> None:
 
     assert samples[0].material_rate_kg_per_hour == 1028.5
     assert samples[0].gate_value == 2.1
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def timeseries():
+    client = Mock()
+    client.post_json.return_value.body = {"data": {
+        "columns": ["time", "rate", "gate"], "records": [],
+    }}
+    args = dict(machine_id="m", rate_variable_id="rate", gate_variable_id="gate",
+                start=datetime(2026, 9, 3, tzinfo=UTC), end=datetime(2026, 9, 4, tzinfo=UTC))
+    return EnlyzeApiGateway(client), client, args
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("name", ["start", "end"])
+def test_naive_window_rejected(timeseries, name) -> None:
+    gateway, client, args = timeseries
+    args[name] = args[name].replace(tzinfo=None)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="timezone-aware"):
+        gateway.get_material_samples(**args)
+    client.post_json.assert_not_called()
+
+
+def test_reversed_window_rejected(timeseries) -> None:
+    gateway, client, args = timeseries
+    args["start"], args["end"] = args["end"], args["start"]
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="precede"):
+        gateway.get_material_samples(**args)
+    client.post_json.assert_not_called()
+
+
+def test_empty_timeseries(timeseries) -> None:
+    gateway, client, args = timeseries
+    assert gateway.get_material_samples(**args) == []
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("column", ["time", "rate", "gate"])
+def test_missing_required_column(timeseries, column) -> None:
+    gateway, client, args = timeseries
+    client.post_json.return_value.body["data"]["columns"].remove(column)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="required column"):
+        gateway.get_material_samples(**args)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("record", [[], {}, ["bad", 1, 1], [None, 1, 1],
+    ["2026-09-03T00:00:00", 1, 1], ["2026-09-03T00:00:00Z", None, 1],
+    ["2026-09-03T00:00:00Z", 1, float("inf")], ["2026-09-03T00:00:00Z", True, 1]])
+def test_malformed_records_fail_clearly(timeseries, record) -> None:
+    gateway, client, args = timeseries
+    client.post_json.return_value.body["data"]["records"] = [record]
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="malformed record 0"):
+        gateway.get_material_samples(**args)
+
+
+def test_multiple_open_runs_rejected() -> None:
+    client = Mock()
+    run = dict(uuid="r", machine="m", production_order="o", start="2026-09-03T00:00:00Z",
+               end=None)
+    client.get.return_value.body = {"data": [run, {**run, "uuid": "r2"}]}
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="multiple open Production Runs"):
+        EnlyzeApiGateway(client).get_open_production_run("m")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("item", [{}, None, {"end": None},
+    dict(uuid="r", machine="m", production_order="o", start="bad", end=None)])
+def test_malformed_run_fails_clearly(item) -> None:
+    client = Mock()
+    client.get.return_value.body = {"data": [item]}
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Invalid production-run response"):
+        EnlyzeApiGateway(client).get_open_production_run("m")

tests/test_material_polling_service.py

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 from datetime import UTC, datetime
 from unittest.mock import Mock
 
+import pytest
+
 from production_analytics.calculations.material_consumption import (
     MaterialIntegrationState,
     MaterialSample,
@@ -241,3 +243,85 @@ def test_new_run_of_same_order_keeps_total_but_restarts_integration_at_run_start
         start=run.start,
         end=datetime(2026, 9, 3, 8, 0, 30, tzinfo=UTC),
     )
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def polling(tmp_path):
+    from production_analytics.service.material_state_store import JsonMaterialStateStore
+
+    gateway = Mock()
+    gateway.get_open_production_run.return_value = EnlyzeProductionRun(
+        "run", "machine", None, "order", datetime(2026, 9, 3, tzinfo=UTC), None,
+    )
+    gateway.get_material_samples.return_value = []
+    store = JsonMaterialStateStore(tmp_path)
+    service = MaterialPollingService(
+        gateway=gateway, state_store=store, machine_id="machine",
+        rate_variable_id="rate", gate_variable_id="gate", gate_threshold=0.5,
+        max_sample_gap_seconds=20,
+    )
+    return service, gateway, store
+
+
+def test_empty_response_persists_state_without_inferred_consumption(polling) -> None:
+    service, gateway, store = polling
+    now = datetime(2026, 9, 3, 1, tzinfo=UTC)
+    assert service.poll_once(now=now).state == MaterialIntegrationState()
+    saved = MaterialPollingState("run", MaterialIntegrationState(
+        cumulative_consumption_kg=10, integrated_running_seconds=10,
+        last_processed_timestamp=now, last_material_rate_kg_per_hour=3600,
+        last_gate_value=1, integration_active=True,
+    ))
+    store.save("machine", "order", saved)
+    assert service.poll_once(now=now).state == saved.integration_state
+    assert store.load("machine", "order") == saved
+
+
+def test_different_order_does_not_reuse_state(polling) -> None:
+    service, gateway, store = polling
+    store.save("machine", "other-order", MaterialPollingState(
+        "old", MaterialIntegrationState(cumulative_consumption_kg=100),
+    ))
+    result = service.poll_once(now=datetime(2026, 9, 3, 1, tzinfo=UTC))
+    assert result.state == MaterialIntegrationState()
+    assert gateway.get_material_samples.call_args.kwargs["start"] == result.run.start
+    assert store.load("machine", "other-order").integration_state.cumulative_consumption_kg == 100
+
+
+def test_now_before_run_start_does_not_query_or_save(polling) -> None:
+    service, gateway, store = polling
+    assert service.poll_once(now=datetime(2026, 9, 2, tzinfo=UTC)) is None
+    gateway.get_material_samples.assert_not_called()
+    assert store.load("machine", "order") is None
+
+
+def test_naive_now_is_rejected_before_io(polling) -> None:
+    service, gateway, store = polling
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="now must be timezone-aware"):
+        service.poll_once(now=datetime(2026, 9, 3))
+    gateway.get_open_production_run.assert_not_called()
+
+
+def test_new_run_empty_response_resets_baseline_and_retains_totals(polling) -> None:
+    service, gateway, store = polling
+    store.save("machine", "order", MaterialPollingState("previous", MaterialIntegrationState(
+        cumulative_consumption_kg=100, integrated_running_seconds=50,
+        last_processed_timestamp=datetime(2026, 9, 2, 23, 59, 59, tzinfo=UTC),
+        last_material_rate_kg_per_hour=3600, last_gate_value=1, integration_active=True,
+    )))
+    result = service.poll_once(now=datetime(2026, 9, 3, 1, tzinfo=UTC))
+    assert result.state == MaterialIntegrationState(
+        cumulative_consumption_kg=100, integrated_running_seconds=50,
+    )
+    assert store.load("machine", "order") == MaterialPollingState("run", result.state)
+
+
+def test_now_before_saved_timestamp_leaves_state_unchanged(polling) -> None:
+    service, gateway, store = polling
+    saved = MaterialPollingState("run", MaterialIntegrationState(
+        last_processed_timestamp=datetime(2026, 9, 3, 2, tzinfo=UTC),
+    ))
+    store.save("machine", "order", saved)
+    assert service.poll_once(now=datetime(2026, 9, 3, 1, tzinfo=UTC)) is None
+    gateway.get_material_samples.assert_not_called()
+    assert store.load("machine", "order") == saved

tests/test_material_state_store.py

@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+
+import pytest
+
+from production_analytics.calculations.material_consumption import (
+    MaterialIntegrationState,
+)
+from production_analytics.service.material_polling import MaterialPollingState
+from production_analytics.service.material_state_store import JsonMaterialStateStore
+
+
+def test_json_state_store_returns_none_for_missing_state(tmp_path) -> None:
+    store = JsonMaterialStateStore(tmp_path)
+
+    assert store.load("machine-1", "ORDER-1") is None
+
+
+def test_json_state_store_roundtrip(tmp_path) -> None:
+    store = JsonMaterialStateStore(tmp_path)
+
+    original = MaterialPollingState(
+        run_id="run-1",
+        integration_state=MaterialIntegrationState(
+            cumulative_consumption_kg=123.4,
+            integrated_running_seconds=456.0,
+            last_processed_timestamp=datetime(
+                2026, 9, 3, 5, 10, 50, tzinfo=UTC
+            ),
+            last_material_rate_kg_per_hour=1028.5,
+            last_gate_value=2.1,
+            integration_active=True,
+        ),
+    )
+
+    store.save("machine-1", "ORDER-1", original)
+    restored = store.load("machine-1", "ORDER-1")
+
+    assert restored == original
+
+
+def test_json_state_store_separates_orders(tmp_path) -> None:
+    store = JsonMaterialStateStore(tmp_path)
+
+    state_a = MaterialPollingState(
+        run_id="run-a",
+        integration_state=MaterialIntegrationState(
+            cumulative_consumption_kg=10.0,
+        ),
+    )
+    state_b = MaterialPollingState(
+        run_id="run-b",
+        integration_state=MaterialIntegrationState(
+            cumulative_consumption_kg=20.0,
+        ),
+    )
+
+    store.save("machine-1", "ORDER-1", state_a)
+    store.save("machine-1", "ORDER-2", state_b)
+
+    assert store.load("machine-1", "ORDER-1") == state_a
+    assert store.load("machine-1", "ORDER-2") == state_b
+
+
+def test_identifiers_are_isolated_safe_and_deterministic(tmp_path) -> None:
+    store = JsonMaterialStateStore(tmp_path)
+    pairs = [("a/b", "x"), ("a_b", "x"), ("a", "b__x"), ("a__b", "x"),
+             ("../..", "/tmp/escape"), ("", ""), ("a/b", "y")]
+    for index, pair in enumerate(pairs):
+        store.save(*pair, MaterialPollingState(str(index), MaterialIntegrationState()))
+    assert len(list(tmp_path.iterdir())) == len(pairs)
+    for index, pair in enumerate(pairs):
+        assert JsonMaterialStateStore(tmp_path).load(*pair).run_id == str(index)
+    assert all(path.parent == tmp_path and len(path.name) == 69 for path in tmp_path.iterdir())
+
+
+def test_failed_write_preserves_primary_and_cleans_temporary_file(tmp_path, monkeypatch) -> None:
+    import production_analytics.service.material_state_store as module
+
+    store = JsonMaterialStateStore(tmp_path)
+    state = MaterialPollingState("old", MaterialIntegrationState())
+    store.save("machine", "order", state)
+    path = next(tmp_path.iterdir())
+    original = path.read_bytes()
+
+    def fail_dump(payload, file, **kwargs):
+        file.write('{"partial":')
+        raise OSError("disk full")
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(module.json, "dump", fail_dump)
+    with pytest.raises(OSError, match="disk full"):
+        store.save("machine", "order", MaterialPollingState("new", MaterialIntegrationState()))
+    assert path.read_bytes() == original
+    assert list(tmp_path.iterdir()) == [path]
+
+
+def test_replace_failure_preserves_primary(tmp_path, monkeypatch) -> None:
+    import production_analytics.service.material_state_store as module
+
+    store = JsonMaterialStateStore(tmp_path)
+    state = MaterialPollingState("old", MaterialIntegrationState())
+    store.save("m", "o", state)
+    path = next(tmp_path.iterdir())
+
+    def fail_replace(source, target):
+        assert source.parent == target.parent == tmp_path
+        assert store.load("m", "o") == state
+        raise OSError("replace failed")
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(module.os, "replace", fail_replace)
+    with pytest.raises(OSError, match="replace failed"):
+        store.save("m", "o", MaterialPollingState("new", MaterialIntegrationState()))
+    assert store.load("m", "o") == state
+    assert list(tmp_path.iterdir()) == [path]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("contents", ['{', '[]', '{}', '{"run_id": null}',
+                                      '{"run_id": "r", "integration_state": {}}'])
+def test_corrupt_state_fails_clearly(tmp_path, contents) -> None:
+    store = JsonMaterialStateStore(tmp_path)
+    store.save("m", "o", MaterialPollingState("r", MaterialIntegrationState()))
+    next(tmp_path.iterdir()).write_text(contents)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Invalid material polling state"):
+        store.load("m", "o")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("field,value", [
+    ("integration_active", "false"), ("cumulative_consumption_kg", float("nan")),
+    ("integrated_running_seconds", -1), ("last_processed_timestamp", "2026-09-03T05:00:00"),
+    ("integration_active", True), ("last_gate_value", True),
+])
+def test_malformed_integration_state_fails(tmp_path, field, value) -> None:
+    import json
+
+    store = JsonMaterialStateStore(tmp_path)
+    store.save("m", "o", MaterialPollingState("r", MaterialIntegrationState()))
+    path = next(tmp_path.iterdir())
+    payload = json.loads(path.read_text())
+    payload["integration_state"][field] = value
+    path.write_text(json.dumps(payload))
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Invalid material polling state"):
+        store.load("m", "o")